The Role of Organizational Support on Life Satisfaction and Job Satisfaction of Female Coaches with the Mediating Role of Work-Family Conflict (Case study: Female Coaches in Isfahan)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant professor, Department of sport management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Assistant professor, University of Coimbra, UC, Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal

3 Ms.c in sport management, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of organizational support on life satisfaction and job satisfaction of female coaches in Isfahan with the mediating role of work-family conflict.
Methods:  It was a descriptive – field study and a practical one. The research population was female coaches in Isfahan and 206 coaches in sport complexes were selected through convenience sampling. Cammann’s questionnaire (1983) was used to evaluate job satisfaction, and Diener et al.'s (1985) questionnaire was used to measure life satisfaction. Netemeyer et al.’s questionnaire (1996) was used to assess work-family conflict, and organizational support scale of Eizenberger et al. (1996) was used for measuring organizational support. The reliability of questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha; and content, face and structural validity were also conducted to investigate the questionnaire validity. To measure the validity and fitness of the model, structural equation modeling by AMOS20 has been applied.
Results: The findings demonstrated that “Organizational support” had a significant effect on “work-family conflict” (β= -0.37), “Job satisfaction” (β= 0.54), “Life satisfaction” (β= 0.48). In addition, “work-family conflict” had a significant effect on “Job satisfaction” (β= -0.31), and “Life satisfaction” (β= -0.26). Moreover, the Sobel test confirmed the role of the mediating variable. The fit indices also confirmed the research model fitness.
Conclusion: According to the role of organizational support in decreasing the work-family conflict as well as the effect of work-family conflict on job satisfaction and life satisfaction, to pave the way for presence of females in sport field, sports organizations should plan their strategies by focusing on the concepts and results of this research.

Keywords

References

Adams, G. A., King, L. A., & King, D. W. (1996). Relationships of job and family involvement, family social support, and work–family conflict with job and life satisfaction. Journal of applied psychology, 81(4), 411. Doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.411
Allen, T. D. (2001). Family-supportive work environments: The role of organizational perceptions. Journal of vocational behavior, 58(3), 414-435. Doi:10.1006/jvbe.2000.1774
Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: a review and agenda for future research. Journal of occupational health psychology, 5(2), 278. Doi:10.1037/1076-8998.5.2.278
Arian, E., & Ghaderi, M. (2021). The Model of Supporting Elite Female Athletes in Championship Sports. Journal of New Studies in Sport Management, 2(4), 313-327. Doi: 10.22103/jnssm.2021.18533.1041
Barnett, R. C., & Gareis, K. C. (2006). Role Theoryd Perspectives on Work and Family. In M. Pitt-Catsouphes, E. E. Kossek, & S. Sweet (Eds.), The work and family handbook: Multi-disciplinary perspectives, methods, and approaches (pp. 209–221). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. Doi:record/2006-00550-010
Bell, D.R., Snedden, T.R., Biese, K.M., Nelson, E., Watson, A.M., Brooks, A., McGuine, T.A., Brown, R.L. and Kliethermes, S.A. (2021). Consensus definition of sport specialization in youth athletes using a Delphi approach. Journal of Athletic Training, 56(11), 1239-1251. Doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0725.20
Boles, J. S., Howard, W. G., & Donofrio, H. H. (2001). An Investigation Into The Inter-Relationships Of Work-Family Conflict, Family-Work Conflict And Work Satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Issues, 13(3), 376–390. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40604357
Cammann, C. (1983). Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of organizational members. Assessing organizational change: A guide to methods, measures, and practices, 71-138. Doi: 1573105976066134272
Canivet, C., Östergren, P. O., Lindeberg, S. I., Choi, B., Karasek, R., Moghaddassi, M., & Isacsson, S. O. (2010). Conflict between the work and family domains and exhaustion among vocationally active men and women. Social science & medicine, 70(8), 1237-1245. Doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.12.029
Carlson, D. S., & Kacmar, K. M. (2000). Work–family conflict in the organization: Do life role values make a difference?. Journal of management, 26(5), 1031-54.Doi:10.1177/014920630002600502
Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 655-690). Springer,Berlin,Heidelberg. Doi:10.1007/978-3-540-32827-829
Clark, S. C. (2001). Work cultures and work/family balance. Journal of Vocational behavior, 58(3), 348-365. Doi:10.1006/jvbe.2000.1759
Darcy, C. & McCarthy, A. (2007). Work-family conflict: An exploration of the differential effects of a dependent child's age on working parents. Journal of European Industrial Training, 31(7), 530-549. Doi:10.1108/03090590710820042
Didymus, F. F., Norman, L., Hurst, M., & Clarke, N. J. (2021). Job stressors, strain, and psychological wellbeing among women sports coaches. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(3), 456-464. Doi:10.1177/1747954120974345
Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of personality assessment, 49(1), 71-75.Doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901 13
Dixon, M. A., & Bruening, J. E. (2005). Perspectives on work-family conflict in sport: an integrated approach. Sport Management Review, 8(3), 227-253. Doi:10.1016/S14413523(05)70040-1
Dixon, M. A., & Sagas, M. (2007). The relationship between organizational support, work-family conflict, and the job-life satisfaction of university coaches. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 78(3), 236-247. Doi:10.1080/02701367.2007.10599421
Kossek, E., & Ozeki, C. (1998). Work–family conflict, policies, and the job–life satisfaction relationship: A review and directions for organizational behavior–human resources research. Journal of applied psychology, 83(2), 139. Doi:10.1037/0021-9010.83.2.139
Fahim Devin, H., & Asadollahi, E. (2021). Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Justice in Collegiate Sport Teams and Sport Achievement Motivation. Journal of New Studies in Sport Management, 2(2), 185-191. Doi: 10.22103/jnssm.2021.17233.1019
Graham, J. A., & Smith, A. B. (2022). Work and Life in the Sport Industry: A Review of Work-Life Interface Experiences Among Athletic Employees. Journal of Athletic Training, 57(3), 210-224. Doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0633.20
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). http://hdl.handle.net/11420/4083
Hakanen, J. J., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2006). Burnout and work engagement among teachers. Journal of school psychology, 43(6), 495-513. Doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2005.11.001
Hammed, A. (2008). The interactive effect of stress, social support and work-family conflict on Nigerian women's mental health. European journal of social sciences, 7(2), 53-65. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287882729
Inglis, S., Danylchuk, K. E., & Pastore, D. (1996). Understanding retention factors in coaching and athletic management positions. Journal of Sport Management, 10(3), 237-249. Doi:10.1123/jsm.10.3.237
Inglis, S., Danylchuk, K. E., & Pastore, D. L. (2000). Multiple realities of women’s work experiences in coaching and athletic management. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 9(2), 1-26. Doi:10.1123/wspaj.9.2.1
Kim, J., & Cunningham, G. B. (2005). Moderating effects of organizational support on the relationship between work experiences and job satisfaction among university coaches. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 36(1), 50-64. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289791446
Lobel, S. A. (1991). Allocation of investment in work and family roles: Alternative theories and implications for research. Academy of Management Review, 16(3), 507-521. Doi:10.5465/amr.1991.4279467
Mazerolle, S. M., Bruening, J. E., Casa, D. J., & Burton, L. J. (2008). Work-family conflict, part II: job and life satisfaction in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division IA certified athletic trainers. Journal of Athletic Training, 43(5), 513-522. Doi:10.4085/1062-6050-43.5.513
Milliken, F. J., Dutton, J. E., & Beyer, J. M. (1992). Understanding organizational adaptation to change: The case of work-family issues. In Human resource planning (pp. 279-295). Gabler Verlag. Doi:10.1007/978-3-322-83820-9_25
Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of applied psychology, 81(4),400. Doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.400
Pankow, K., Mosewich, A. D., McHugh, T. L. F., & Holt, N. L. (2022). The role of mental health protection and promotion among flourishing Canadian university sport coaches. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 11(1), 28. Doi:10.1037/spy0000277
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: a review of the literature. Journal of applied psychology, 87(4), 698. Doi: apa.org/record/2002-15406-008
Sagas, M., & Cunningham, G. B. (2005). Work and family conflict among college assistant coaches. International Journal of Sport Management, 6(2), 183.
Seiger, C. P., & Wiese, B. S. (2009). Social support from work and family domains as an antecedent or moderator of work–family conflicts?. Journal of vocational behavior, 75(1), 26-37. Doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2009.03.001
Shabani Bahar, Gh., Farahani, A., & Bagherian fazel, F. (2011). Determining the relationship between work- family conflict and life quality of heads of sport boards in Hamedan. (2012). Journal of Sport Management and Motor Behavior,8(15), 109-122.Doi: 10.22080/jsmb.2012.423
Shirsavar, H. A., Gilaninia, S., & Almani, A. M. (2012). A study of factors influencing positive word of mouth in the Iranian banking industry. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 11(4), 454-460. http://idosi.org/mejsr/mejsr11(4)12/9.pdf
Sisjord, M. K., Fasting, K., & Sand, T. S. (2022). Combining coaching with family life. A study of female and male elite level coaches in Norway. Sports Coaching Review, 1-19.Doi:10.1080/21640629.2021.1984047
Thompson, C. A., Beauvais, L. L., & Lyness, K. S. (1999). When work–family benefits are not enough: The influence of work–family culture on benefit utilization, organizational attachment, and work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational behavior, 54(3), 392-415. Doi:10.1006/jvbe.1998.1681
Torki, M., Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari, M., & Sokhandan, R. (2016). The relationship of work-family conflict with job satisfaction and performance in Iranian football referees. New trends in sport management, 3(11), 71-84.https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=607835
Journal of Family Relations Studies
Volume 2, Issue 7 - Serial Number 7
November 2022
Pages 10-19

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 15 September 2022
  • Revise Date: 11 November 2022
  • Accept Date: 13 November 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics