The Effectiveness of Family Therapy Training on Depression and Mental Health of Adolescents with High-Risk Behaviors

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D Student of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

3 Department of psychology, University of Allameh Tabatabaei , Tehran , Iran

4 Department of psychology, Islamic Azad University, Khomein branch

5 Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of family therapy education in promoting mental health and reducing depression in adolescents with high-risk behaviors.
Methods:  The present study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. It included all teenage girls in the second year of high school with high-risk behaviors in Ardabil province. In this study, 30 eligible patients were selected and invited purposefully. The researchers randomly divided the participants into two family therapy training groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people). The experimental group was taught the methods and techniques of family therapy education strategies for eight 90-minute sessions. In contrast, during this period, the control group received no psychological training on the mental health and resilience scale. The data were compared using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance. All statistical analyses were performed in SPSS software version 26.
Results:  Compared to the control group, the experimental group was able to reduce the depression score and increase the mental health score at the level of P<0.001 with the intervention of family therapy training. The most significant effect size (η=0.543) is related to mental health, which shows that 54% of the variance of the mental health variable between the experimental and control groups is due to the independent variable (family therapy training).
Conclusion: The results showed that family therapy training increases mental health and reduces depression in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. Therefore, family therapy training is recommended for adolescents with high-risk behaviors to increase mental health, reduce depression and improve their quality of life.

Keywords

References

Amirfakhrayi, A., Afshar, E. K., & Tavakoli, A. M. (2016). Comparison of Psychological Flexibility of Normal Adolescents with orphans and Mistreated adolescent in Kerman Welfare Centers. In International Conference on Psychology, Counseling, Education. https://jdisabilstud.org/files/site1/user_files_536bf5/moshak22-A-10-1010-4-7b065f9.pdf
Armstrong, G., Jorm, A. F., Samson, L., Joubert, L., Nuken, A., Singh, S., & Kermode, M. (2013). Association of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation with high-risk behaviors among men who inject drugs in Delhi, India. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 64(5), 502–510. Doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a7ef21
Beck, A. T. (Ed.). (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. Guilford press.
Bozzini, A. B., Bauer, A., Maruyama, J., Simões, R., & Matijasevich, A. (2020). Factors associated with risk behaviors in adolescence: a systematic review. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 210-221. https://www.scielo.br/j/rbp/a/GGKbRzZTqHX87Sbqkhzhscc/?format=html&lang=en
Carr, A. (2019). Family therapy and systemic interventions for child‐focused problems: The current evidence base. Journal of Family Therapy, 41(2), 153-213. Doi:10.1111/1467-6427.12226
Cobb-Clark DA, Dahmann SC, Kettlewell N. Depression, risk preferences, and risk-taking behavior. Journal of Human Resources. 2022 Sep 1;57(5):1566-604. Doi:10.3368/jhr.58.1.0419-10183R1
Goldberg, D. P., & Hillier, V. F. (1979). A scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire. Psychological medicine, 9(1), 139-145. Doi:10.1017/S0033291700021644
Guo, Y., Yang, Y., Deveaux, L., Dinaj-Koci, V., Schieber, E., Herbert, C., ... & Wang, B. (2023). Exploring effects of multi-level factors on transitions of risk-taking behaviors among Bahamian middle-to-late adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 01650254221148117. Doi:10.1177/01650254221148117
Hogue, A., Schumm, J. A., MacLean, A., & Bobek, M. (2022). Couple and family therapy for substance use disorders: Evidence‐based update 2010–2019. Journal of marital and family therapy, 48(1), 178-203. Doi:10.1111/jmft.12546
Ibrahim, M., King, A., Levy, S., Russon, J., & Diamond, G. (2022). Increased family cohesion mediates therapist adherence to the attachment task and depression outcomes in attachment-based family therapy. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 52(4), 303-310. Doi:10.1007/s10879-022-09539-6
Janalipour Chenarodkhani, M., Salimi, S., Asghari, F., Afzali, M., & Mahbobizadeh, P. (2024). The Mediating Role of Metacognitive Beliefs in the Relationship between Family Communication Patterns and Perfectionism. Journal of Family Relations Studies, 4(14), 14-22. Doi:10.22098/jfrs.2024.13966.1152
Katsuki, F., Watanabe, N., Yamada, A., & Hasegawa, T. (2022). Effectiveness of family psychoeducation for major depressive disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis. BJPsych Open, 8(5), e148. Doi:10.1192/bjo.2022.543
Leerssen, J., Lakbila-Kamal, O., Dekkers, L. M., Ikelaar, S. L., Albers, A. C., Blanken, T. F., ... & Van Someren, E. J. (2022). Treating insomnia with high risk of depression using therapist-guided digital cognitive, behavioral, and circadian rhythm support interventions to prevent worsening of depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled trial. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 91(3), 168-179. Doi:10.1159/000520282
Marzban, A. (2022). Prevalence of high risk behaviors in high school students of Qom, 2016. Pars Journal of Medical Sciences, 16(3), 44-51. Doi:10.52547/JMJ.16.3.44
Miklowitz, D. J., Schneck, C. D., Walshaw, P. D., Singh, M. K., Sullivan, A. E., Suddath, R. L., Forgey Borlik, M., Sugar, C. A., & Chang, K. D. (2020). Effects of Family-Focused Therapy vs Enhanced Usual Care for Symptomatic Youths at High Risk for Bipolar Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA psychiatry, 77(5), 455–463. Doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.4520
Moloudi A., Arian H., Mahdieh M., Madah F., Taghipour R. (2022). Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in the form of Rational Emotional-Behavior Therapy (REBT) Intervention on irrational Beliefs and Anxiety of adolescent girls with social anxiety. Journal of Preventive Counselling (JPC). Vol. 3, No. 1, (2022), 18-31 Doi:10.22098/JPC.2022.10575.1094
Mullen S. (2018). Major depressive disorder in children and adolescents. Mental Health Clinician. 8(6):275-83. Doi:10.9740/mhc.2018.11.275
Noury Ghasemabadi, R., & Seydavi, M. (2021). A brief review of the relationship of childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescence. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi journal (RRJ), 10(2), 161-170.
Nunes D. & Faro A. (2021).The role of self-efficacy, self-esteem and self-concept in depression in adolescents. Ciencias Psicológicas. 15(2). Doi:10.22235/cp.v15i2.2164
Ohta, R., & Sano, C. (2023, January). The Effectiveness of Family Medicine-Driven Interprofessional Collaboration on the Readmission Rate of Older Patients. In Healthcare (Vol. 11, No. 2, p. 269). MDPI.  Doi:10.3390/healthcare11020269
Oppenheimer, C. W., Hankin, B. L., & Young, J. (2018). Effect of parenting and peer stressors on cognitive vulnerability and risk for depression among youth. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 46(3), 597-612. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10802-017-0315-4
Overbeek, M. M., Gudde, L. M., Rijnberk, C., Hempel, R., Beijer, D., & Maras, A. (2023). Multi‐problem families in intensive specialised multi‐family therapy: Theoretical description and case study report. Journal of Family Therapy, 45(1), 81-93.  Doi:10.1111/1467-6427.12320
Palahang, H., Nasr, M., & Shahmohammadi, D. (1996). Epidemiological study of mental disorder in urban and urban areas of SoumaahSara city-Gilan. Andisheh va Raftar Journal, 2(4), 55-65.
Pozuelo, J. R., Desborough, L., Stein, A., & Cipriani, A. (2022). Systematic review and meta-analysis: Depressive symptoms and risky behaviors among adolescents in low-and middle-income countries. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 61(2), 255-276. Doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2021.05.005
Saeedi, Z. (2024). Predicting Marital Satisfaction based on Attitudes Towards Gender Roles and Identity Styles in Couples. Journal of Family Relations Studies, 4(14), 31-40. Doi:10.22098/jfrs.2024.14297.1163
Soleimani, M. A., Pahlevan Sharif, S., Bahrami, N., Yaghoobzadeh, A., Allen, K. A., & Mohammadi, S. (2017). The relationship between anxiety, depression and risk behaviors in adolescents. International journal of adolescent medicine and health, 31(2), 20160148. Doi:10.1515/ijamh-2016-0148
Waraan, L., Siqveland, J., Hanssen-Bauer, K., Czjakowski, N. O., Axelsdóttir, B., Mehlum, L., & Aalberg, M. (2022). Family therapy for adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation: A systematic review and meta–analysis. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 13591045221125005. Doi:10.1177/13591045221125005
Zadeh Mohammadi A, Ahmad Abadi Z. (2009) Investigation of high-risk behaviors among adolescent’s strategies for crime prevention in the family environment. Journal of Family Studies.;5(20):467-85.   Doi:10.19082/6988
Zhou, X., Hetrick, S. E., Cuijpers, P., Qin, B., Barth, J., Whittington, C. J., Xie, P. (2015) Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for depression in children and adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. World Psychiatry, 14(2): 207–222. Doi:10.1002/wps.20217

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 26 April 2023
  • Revise Date: 03 May 2023
  • Accept Date: 05 May 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics